Kellog Brown Root in Nigeria Corruption Case - 1160 Words

Kellogg Brown Root in Nigeria Corruption Case The firm Halliburton acquired Dresser Industries in the year of 1998. Among Dresser’s businesses was M. W. Kellog, which was combined with an existing Halliburton business and renamed Kellog Brown and Root. By that time, Kellog was expecting to build a series of liquefied natural gas in Nigeria, but in order to do that it was required to win an initial contract form the Nigerian Government. At the beginning everything was going according to plans, however; when the consortium was deep in final negotiations, the Nigeria’s oil minister was removed from his charge and replaced. So, not taking any risks, Kellog decided to hire to the British lawyer Tesler, in order to secure the contracts; the†¦show more content†¦So, I think that Hamlliburton did the right thing to investigate the process they where having and find out what was really happening with Nigeria, Tesler and Stanley. This incident might have low profits to Kellogs and Halliburton so I think that making notice to all the people in both countries will help them to sustain themselves and start again. And show that the culpability was for those corrupt persons only. Finally, we think that corruption in Nigeria is presented on a large scale because the government allows it, so this case involves a very important and outrageous government and its leaders. And the company in question, we think that this had to have chosen a better his legal representative in Nigeria for the construction of the plants (they were a part of the blame) Conclusion As a conclusion we can see that any unethical work is forgotten. We can see that the company was started to be investigated even thought the past contract was legal. Unethical actions take people to lost the confidence in a company or on a person. Confidence is a very important value for any company because people buy their products and when confidence is lost it is harder for the company to reestablish again. As we can see this company is being investigated and this may mean that many contracts would not be concluded. Ethics are important because as a company you have to gain the

Pitbulls Persuasive Essay - 1464 Words

Pit Bulls When you see a Pit Bull, what is the first thing that comes to your mind? More times than not, it’s fear. But what comes to my mind is that this is my favorite kind of dog, and that it is very misunderstood and stereotyped by most people thanks to all the negative media. That’s why I’m writing about the truths regarding the American Pit Bull Terrier. They are always talked about as being very aggressive and vicious breed, but in fact they are a gentle companion. I would like to convince the people of Farmers Branch, Texas, that Pit Bull’s deserve to be considered as family pets. Will start with their background to inform you what pit bulls are. They are not one specific breed, but a classification of a variety of different†¦show more content†¦Sergeant Stubby is known as the most decorated war dog to have served the military in 17 battles. He would carry messages under fire warn troops of a gas attack and even caught a German spy. Pit Bu lls were loved by everyone, it was the dog everyone wanted to have. So much in fact that they were used as our mascot in many WWI advertisement posters. But now with all the negative media on the breed it’s causing a stir in the housing community. Some city’s like Colorado have Pit Bull owners register them. (Colorado newspaper, 2006) My address is published--now people can get my dog or my children, Cindi Gilhousen told the News. They re treating us like we re criminals. Nobody s ever taken the time to meet these animals. They are not giving these animals fair representation, it doesn’t matter if the dog hasn’t done anything to anyone you must still register them with the city for everyone to know that you own a Pit Bull. Pit Bulls are among the top percentage of dog bites across the nation, but it partly due to the misrepresentation. Most handlers just see a similarity to a Pit Bull’s physical appearance and then the dog is classified as such. Th e media always misrepresents and wrongly accuses Pit Bulls, they are always quick to name the pit bull breed as the attacking dog. The government also does the same thing if a dog has similarities to a Pit Bull, then it is automatically classified as a Pit Bull even if it’s not correct. They don’t care aboutShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Pitbulls897 Words   |  4 Pagesseems to take most of the hits, the American Pitbull. This breed of dog is quite intelligent, loving and wants to please their owner. Back in the day they were given the nickname â€Å"The Nanny Dog† (LA Times) as they were great with children. This animal’s desire to please along with physical attributes make them susceptible to becoming victims of those who wish to use them for wrong. As the shady work of humans grew so did the need for protection. Some pitbulls are used to guard houses, illegal farms,

Approach in Health Promotion-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Complete a systematic review of the literature in a content area of your choice, concluding with clear and succinct objectives for a new health promotion intervention based on your assessment of the evidence you consider. Answer: Introduction: Smoking is considered as one of the major challenge in public health resulting in disability leading to death (Kohl et al., 2012). The death by tobacco consumption was recorded to be 5 million globally which is estimated to double by 2020 (Mallath et al., 2014). It not only influences the health but also affects burden the health care, poverty, with environmental damage causing cardiovascular diseases such as stroke, coronary diseases, cancer and pneumonia (Jones, Podolsky Greene, 2012). Despite the risks, the mortality rates are higher in smokers than the non-smokers. Health promotion strategies play an active role in preventing smoking by making the population aware. Evaluating some of the interventions has showed positive effects but still some studies lack the effectiveness. There is numerous health promoting methods for prevention against smoking which had a positive impact on the issue. In this review we will evaluate the effective methods to promote heath by preventing smokin g. Methods: Search Strategy In order to obtain relevant papers we researched in PubMed, MEDLINE. The terms that searched in these databases were prevention of smoking tendency, heath promoting interventions for smoking prevention, smoking cessation and Methods to cause cessation of smoking. The papers that were obtained by searching from the above mentioned databases were included in this review of literature study were on the basis of the following categories. Inclusion Criteria The analysis was restrained on the programs recently conducted articles. Relevant articles published since 2012 until the present year spanning a timeline of six years have been incorporated in the review. Secondly, the population that was included in this study comprises the local, subnational and national studies that were linked to the methods for promoting the single health for the purpose of preventing and cessation of smoking. Exclusion Criteria Articles depicting studies that have been published before 2012 were excluded. Studies that included multiple health promotional events regarding the cessation and preventing of smoking tendency were excluded in this review. Flow Chart Interventional approaches: Promoting heath through theatre: Theatre is considered as one of the effective platform in creating heath related awareness and disseminating messages towards good health. Promoting health awareness through theatre is an influential strategy (Hennink et al., 2012). The audience involves whole heartedly and encourages the actor. The integral role of the actor makes a relationship between the facts and the fiction about the topic chosen in narrating the drama. The theatre methodologies are based upon the theories of drama along with theories of social cognition. This method will recognize the behavioural traits of the human that interacts with various aspects such as individual aspects, behavioural aspects and contextual aspects. In order to understand the effectiveness of this promotion, a study was conducted where 24 schools of primary level were divided into 3 sections, one section of group was taken as control, and one as a theatre incorporated in education intervention and other was school for intervening smoking policy. The result that came out was that the boys showed a decreased positive effect with no effect on the girls (Ussher, Taylor Faulkner, 2012). Theatre production name 2 smart 2 smoke with other activities accompanying gave a significant impact upon the psychological based risk factors related to smoking in students who were in 1-3 grades and 4-6 grades. The intervention played positively among the students with an increase of 10% who said not to smoke ever (Abdullah et al., 2013). There still remains a lacuna in delivering positive results through theatre promotion. Thus the intervention should be made as scientific as possible along with being assessed by professional help. Promoting through media advocacy and mass media campaigns: Along with theatre promotional intervention, media advocacy also impacts the program by framing an issue nicely and advocating that particular issue utilising the media as the stage. The media is used as a platform in order to disseminate the information with an aim to alter the mind of public or alter their views (McCallum Waller, 2013). Thus advocacy through media should be made by implementing on strong principles for planning. The planning through media advocacy is approached through GOTME (Goal, Objective, Target, Message and Evaluation) (Riff, Lacy Fico, 2014). The effectiveness of the media advocacy was implemented in many heath promotional programs concerning the significant environmental along with changing policy. The Project Tobacco Reduction Using Effective Strategies and Teamwork incorporates the advocacy of media by rewarding the retailer providing coverage of positive newspaper to compile the laws comprising the underage to sell tobacco products (Silva et al., 2016). The main impact was completely focussed on preventing smoking. It was found that there occurred a passage in placing the tobacco products ordinances in Florida, with changed ordinances there was no significant reduction in smoking prevalence recorded among the youth (Wolfson, 2017). Thus advocacy through media can be seen in implementing trough wider policy as it can provide a subsequent platform in raising policy issues. Campaigning through mass media plays a crucial role related to media interventions. These campaigns are done through television, newspapers and through radios in exposing the messages to the population. Mass campaigning through media thus plays both positive and changes role in changing the behaviour related to health proving as a useful technique in producing an issue followed by encouraged debate (Teyhen et al., 2014). The approach of the mass media is based on social influencing theories and theories of social learning. Mass media is thus an appropriate way to deliver the antismoking messages pointing the young people specially as they are thought to be more media exposed (DellaVigna Ferrara, 2015). In studies of interventional review to assess the smoking behaviour investigation was done to see the mass media preventive effort which was directed towards youths who were below 25 years age taking a controlled design of clinical trial (). Overall three studies were conducted in ass ociation to reduce the smoking outcomes. In one of the conducted study it was found a significant decrease of girls smoking consisting of 8.6% net increase in intervention versus in control with 12.4 %. Whereas about 6.8 to 10.5 % non significant trend was noticed in boys with follow up of 3 years. Another study impact was compared between the programs that were school based with the media mass and the other one was intervention through schools alone. The effect was significant in case of combined intervention in comparison to the intervention through school alone. The effectiveness of interventions through mass media was assessed and was found that the programs related to tobacco control that includes the campaigns through mass media showed significant effect in altering the smoking behaviour seen in adults. The effectiveness varies based on duration and intensity of the mass media campaigns (Brinn et al., 2012). Conclusion Study objectives from the evidence: Promotional programs related to anti smoking are useful and needed to provide awareness messages to the general population for health planning. In this context, the theatre, advocacy through media and campaigning through mass media can prove to be an essential and influencing tool to alter the changes in smoking pattern. Spreading awareness through mass media approaches to improvise the behaviour of the population health. Planning carefully and performing tests with the targeted individuals is very much essential in delivering proper message. Emphasising should be based on involving the small sections of people representing the sample on which the campaigns are directed. These types of groups can be incorporated for the development of the awareness messages. Conclusion from the evidence: From the above review it can be concluded that interventional programs for health promotion is a three dimensional approach in preventing and stoping the smoking habit. Approaching and reaching the public masses through theatre and mass media interventional approach and altering the environment through advocacy of media can be an important effective tool to induce the awareness of putting an end to smoking. The methods mentioned includes certain principles to induce change in terms of individual, changing the social norms within community and efforts by socio-political in promoting the better heath within the population. Before implementing any changes in the individual behaviour it can be more effective to focus the interventions on social attitude and changes in environment. Therefore, capacity of population to address the alternations is the major factors that influence the effective promotional health efforts to prevent smoking and stoping it. Further Research Exploratory research and more examinations that are interventional must be carried out to support in favour of the utility and effectiveness of incorporating mass media and other avenues to combat and prevent the ill effects of smoking through causation of alterations in the behavioural and environmental approache References: Abdullah, A. S., Stillman, F. A., Yang, L., Luo, H., Zhang, Z., Samet, J. M. (2013). Tobacco use and smoking cessation practices among physicians in developing countries: A literature review (19872010).International journal of environmental research and public health,11(1), 429-455. Brinn, M. P., Carson, K. V., Esterman, A. J., Chang, A. B., Smith, B. J. (2012). Cochrane Review: Mass media interventions for preventing smoking in young people.Evidence?Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal,7(1), 86-144. DellaVigna, S., Ferrara, E. L. (2015).Economic and social impacts of the media(No. w21360). National Bureau of Economic Research. Hennink, M., Kiiti, N., Pillinger, M., Jayakaran, R. (2012). Defining empowerment: perspectives from international development organisations.Development in Practice,22(2), 202-215. Jones, D. S., Podolsky, S. H., Greene, J. A. (2012). The burden of disease and the changing task of medicine.New England Journal of Medicine,366(25), 2333-2338. Kohl, H. W., Craig, C. L., Lambert, E. V., Inoue, S., Alkandari, J. R., Leetongin, G., ... Lancet Physical Activity Series Working Group. (2012). The pandemic of physical inactivity: global action for public health.The Lancet,380(9838), 294-305. Mallath, M. K., Taylor, D. G., Badwe, R. A., Rath, G. K., Shanta, V., Pramesh, C. S., ... Kapoor, S. (2014). The growing burden of cancer in India: epidemiology and social context.The Lancet Oncology,15(6), e205-e212. McCallum, K., Waller, L. (2013). The intervention of media power in indigenous policy-making.Media International Australia,149(1), 139-149. Riff, D., Lacy, S., Fico, F. (2014).Analyzing media messages: Using quantitative content analysis in research. Routledge. Silva, L. C. C. D., Arajo, A. J. D., Queiroz, . M. D. D., Sales, M. D. P. U., Castellano, M. V. C. D. O. (2016). Smoking control: challenges and achievements.Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia,42(4), 290-298. Teyhen, D. S., Aldag, M., Centola, D., Edinborough, E., Ghannadian, J. D., Haught, A., ... Martindale, V. E. (2014). Key enablers to facilitate healthy behavior change: workshop summary.journal of orthopaedic sports physical therapy,44(5), 378-387. Ussher, M. H., Taylor, A., Faulkner, G. (2012). Exercise interventions for smoking cessation.Cochrane Database Syst Rev,1. Wolfson, M. (2017).The Fight Against Big Tobacco: the Movement, the State and the

Theodore Roosevelts Political Life Essays - Theodore Roosevelt

Theodore Roosevelts Political Life As a president Theodore Roosevelt was a strong leader and ruled with an iron fist. Not only did he conquer the frontier but he went on to conquer other countries. Roosevelt started out life as a born leader. When he was a child he overcame his sickness by physical exercise and rugged outdoor activities. He went to college at Harvard and after graduating he went straight into politics. Starting his career as the president of the New York Board of Police Commissioners, and later went on to Washington as an assistant secretary of the navy. Then he became a Rough Rider during the Spanish-American War. Afterwards, he returned home he went on to become the Governor of New York and Vice President of the United States in 1900. Roosevelt then became President in 1901 when William McKinley was assassinated. Roosevelt held office until 1908 where William Taft took his place. Roosevelt's main concern when he was a president was the rapid business consolidations taking place in the American economy. He and the Justice Department took on JP Morgan, the owner of Transcontinental Railroads. This case went all the way to the Supreme Court as Northern Securities v. US(1904). The court held that the stock transactions constituted an illegal combination in restraint of interstate commerce. Roosevelt was considered a trustbuster after that case. Later in 1906, in response to public pressure for greater government intervention into businesses, he and Congress passed the Hepburn Act. This Act says that railroads can only charge the amount that is set by the government, and that the government was able to inspect financial records. The Pure Food and Drug Act, which brought about the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was next. This act says that all foods and drugs had to be tested and approved by a government official before they went onto the market. The Meat Inspe ction Act, empowered the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) to inspect and label meat products. Roosevelt's concern with the destruction of the forest, prairies, streams, and wilderness led to putting the government in charge of the regulation of the environment with the start of the US Forest Service. Not only was Roosevelt a strong leader in the US, but he was also one of the most aggressive advocates of an overseas empire. Along with men such as Senator Henry Lodge, Admiral Alfred Mahan, and Brooks Adams, Roosevelt pushed for expansion. He not only wanted to free Cuba and the Philippines from Spanish rule and annexing Hawaii, he wanted to assert American military around the world. He also believed that the Protestants Anglo-American culture should be spread abroad. Roosevelt summarized his views with this quote, Speak softly and carry a big stick, you will go far. In wanting to build a canal across the Isthmus of Panama, Roosevelt's attempt to lease the ground was unsuccessful. He then came up with a new strategy: take over Panama. On November 3, 1903 it happened, and only for ten-million dollars. The positive effect of the canal was that it gave the US a tremendous strategic and commercial advantage. The negative effect of the canal was that the newly exposed areas needed to be policed. Roosevelt called for proper policing of the world. Roosevelt was concerned that Europe might try to take it if the US didn't. To prevent this proclaimed what came to be known as the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. The Document said that Chronic wrongdoing, or an importance which results in a general loosening of the ties of civilized society, the exercise of an international police power. Roosevelt also used this to justify armed intervention in the internal affairs of Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua, and Mexico. Another thing that Roosevelt did that proved him strong not only in America but over seas was that he mediated a settlement of the Russia-Japanese War at Portsmouth, New Hampshire in 1905. In doing that he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906. He showed his strength again in 1908 when he sent battleships to visit Japan in a muscle-flexing display of sea power. He did this because of the tension in California about the anti-Japanese racism. In the cartoon, Two